Human society has undergone several major transformations, each having a significant and specific impact on the world. From the hunter-gatherer society to an agricultural society and transforming into industrialization, each phase has left its mark on the system. However, with the dawn of the 21st century, global society transitioned into an information-based society, driven entirely by data and communication, signifying a paradigm shift.
On the positive side, this shift fostered greater dependency by bridging communication between people, making them more aware of what was happening around the world. However, on the negative side, it also brought several challenges for society as a whole. With a portable device in one’s hand, anyone can now spread their message across the globe. It is now entirely dependent on the individual to decide what type of information they wish to share.
In this process, violent or militant groups have become primary beneficiaries. By exploiting social media and other networking sites, these groups have found a platform to spread their messages and propaganda to a wide audience. The reach of social media networks has allowed violent non-state actors to transcend borders, accessing citizens without facing any significant barriers. As a result, these groups can disseminate their information and narratives without fear of being caught.
For example, in Pakistan, militant groups, whether based in the country or operating from other regions, are largely operating under the umbrella of social media and online networks without facing consequences. Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP), one of the most lethal and active groups in terms of its operations, relies heavily on social media and messaging apps. Through platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, X (formerly Twitter), and Telegram, the group regularly publishes statements, videos, audio, and booklets for their sympathizers and anyone interested in their content. This enables them to convey their message across every province without the risk of being caught.
Strategically, the TTP uses these platforms to devise and spread propaganda among the public. Through powerful narratives and discourse, the group propagates misinformation and disinformation, often leading the public to trust them without verifying the accuracy of the data.
In conclusion, while the information age has brought numerous advantages to people and communities, it has also created a space for misinformation and disinformation. Terrorist groups can easily use a single click to convey their messages to millions, exploiting the very technologies that were meant to inform and connect people.
